diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | src/lib.rs | 215 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | test/test.rs | 191 | 
2 files changed, 286 insertions, 120 deletions
@@ -95,9 +95,14 @@ impl fmt::Display for Operand {              &Operand::ImmediateI8(imm) => write!(f, "0x{:x}", imm),              &Operand::ImmediateU8(imm) => write!(f, "0x{:x}", imm),              &Operand::DisplacementU32(imm) => write!(f, "[0x{:x}]", imm), -            &Operand::DisplacementI32(imm) => write!(f, "[0x{:x}]", imm), -            &Operand::RegDisp(ref spec, ref disp) => write!(f, "[{} + 0x{:x}]", -                spec, disp), +            &Operand::DisplacementU64(imm) => write!(f, "[0x{:x}]", imm), +            &Operand::RegDisp(ref spec, ref disp) => { +                if *disp < 0 { +                    write!(f, "[{} - 0x{:x}]", spec, -disp) +                } else { +                    write!(f, "[{} + 0x{:x}]", spec, disp) +                } +            },              &Operand::RegDeref(ref spec) => write!(f, "[{}]", spec),              &Operand::RegScale(ref spec, scale) => write!(f, "[{} * {}]", spec, scale),              &Operand::RegScaleDisp(ref spec, scale, disp) => { @@ -140,8 +145,8 @@ pub enum Operand {      ImmediateU64(u64),      ImmediateI64(i64),      Register(RegSpec), -    DisplacementI32(u32), -    DisplacementU32(i32), +    DisplacementU32(u32), +    DisplacementU64(u64),      RegDeref(RegSpec),      RegDisp(RegSpec, i32),      RegScale(RegSpec, u8), @@ -263,6 +268,22 @@ impl fmt::Display for Opcode {              &Opcode::MOVZX_b => write!(f, "{}", "movzx"),              &Opcode::MOVZX_w => write!(f, "{}", "movzx"),              &Opcode::MOVSX => write!(f, "{}", "movsx"), +            &Opcode::SETO => write!(f, "{}", "seto"), +            &Opcode::SETNO => write!(f, "{}", "setno"), +            &Opcode::SETB => write!(f, "{}", "setb"), +            &Opcode::SETAE => write!(f, "{}", "setae"), +            &Opcode::SETZ => write!(f, "{}", "setz"), +            &Opcode::SETNZ => write!(f, "{}", "setnz"), +            &Opcode::SETBE => write!(f, "{}", "setbe"), +            &Opcode::SETA => write!(f, "{}", "seta"), +            &Opcode::SETS => write!(f, "{}", "sets"), +            &Opcode::SETNS => write!(f, "{}", "setns"), +            &Opcode::SETP => write!(f, "{}", "setp"), +            &Opcode::SETNP => write!(f, "{}", "setnp"), +            &Opcode::SETL => write!(f, "{}", "setl"), +            &Opcode::SETGE => write!(f, "{}", "setge"), +            &Opcode::SETLE => write!(f, "{}", "setle"), +            &Opcode::SETG => write!(f, "{}", "setg"),              &Opcode::Invalid => write!(f, "{}", "invalid")          }      } @@ -364,6 +385,22 @@ pub enum Opcode {      NEG,      NOT,      CMPXCHG, +    SETO, +    SETNO, +    SETB, +    SETAE, +    SETZ, +    SETNZ, +    SETBE, +    SETA, +    SETS, +    SETNS, +    SETP, +    SETNP, +    SETL, +    SETGE, +    SETLE, +    SETG,      Invalid  }  #[derive(Debug)] @@ -578,6 +615,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for Instruction {  #[allow(non_camel_case_types)]  #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]  pub enum OperandCode { +    Eb_R0,      ModRM_0xf6,      ModRM_0xf7,      Gv_Ev_Iv, @@ -836,6 +874,28 @@ fn read_opcode_0f_map<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(bytes_iter: &mut T, instruction: &mu                      instruction.opcode = Opcode::JG;                      Ok(OperandCode::Jvds)                  }, +                x if x < 0xa0 => { +                    instruction.prefixes = prefixes; +                    instruction.opcode = [ +                        Opcode::SETO, +                        Opcode::SETNO, +                        Opcode::SETB, +                        Opcode::SETAE, +                        Opcode::SETZ, +                        Opcode::SETNZ, +                        Opcode::SETBE, +                        Opcode::SETA, +                        Opcode::SETS, +                        Opcode::SETNS, +                        Opcode::SETP, +                        Opcode::SETNP, +                        Opcode::SETL, +                        Opcode::SETGE, +                        Opcode::SETLE, +                        Opcode::SETG +                    ][(x & 0xf) as usize]; +                    Ok(OperandCode::Eb_R0) +                }                  0xb0 => {                      instruction.prefixes = prefixes;                      instruction.opcode = Opcode::CMPXCHG; @@ -1396,16 +1456,16 @@ fn read_E<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(bytes_iter: &mut T, prefixes: &Prefixes, m: u8,          if base == 0b101 {              let disp = if modbits == 0b00 { -                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) +                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) as i32              } else if modbits == 0b01 { -                read_num(bytes_iter, 1, length) +                read_num(bytes_iter, 1, length) as i8 as i32              } else { -                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) +                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) as i32              };              if index == 0b100 {                  if modbits == 0b00 && !prefixes.rex().x() { -                    *result = Operand::DisplacementU32(disp as i32); +                    *result = Operand::DisplacementU32(disp as u32);                  } else {                      let reg = RegSpec::gp_from_parts(0b100, prefixes.rex().x(), addr_width, prefixes.rex().present()); @@ -1453,9 +1513,9 @@ fn read_E<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(bytes_iter: &mut T, prefixes: &Prefixes, m: u8,              let disp = if modbits == 0b00 {                  0              } else if modbits == 0b01 { -                read_num(bytes_iter, 1, length) +                read_num(bytes_iter, 1, length) as i8 as i32              } else { -                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) +                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) as i32              };              if index == 0b100 { @@ -1479,8 +1539,11 @@ fn read_E<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(bytes_iter: &mut T, prefixes: &Prefixes, m: u8,          if modbits == 0b00 {              *result = Operand::RegDeref(reg);          } else { -            let disp_width = if modbits == 0b01 { 1 } else { 4 }; -            let disp = read_num(bytes_iter, disp_width, length) as i32; +            let disp = if modbits == 0b01 { +                read_num(bytes_iter, 1, length) as i8 as i32 +            } else { +                read_num(bytes_iter, 4, length) as i8 as i32 +            };              *result = Operand::RegDisp(reg, disp);          }      } @@ -1541,6 +1604,84 @@ fn read_operands<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(          Zv,          Zv_AX,          */ +        OperandCode::Eb_R0 => { +            let opwidth = 1; +            // TODO: ... +            let modrm = bytes_iter.next().unwrap(); +            *length += 1; +            let (mod_bits, r, m) = octets_of(modrm); + +            if r != 0 { +                instruction.opcode = Opcode::Invalid; +                return Err("Invalid modr/m for opcode 0xc6".to_owned()); +            } + +            read_E(bytes_iter, &instruction.prefixes, m, mod_bits, opwidth, &mut instruction.operands[0], length) +        }, +        OperandCode::AL_Ob => { +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 4 } else { 8 }; +            // stupid RCT thing: +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 2 } else { 4 }; +            let opwidth = 1; +            let imm = read_num(bytes_iter, addr_width, length); +            instruction.operands = [ +                Operand::Register(RegSpec::gp_from_parts(0, instruction.prefixes.rex().b(), opwidth, instruction.prefixes.rex().present())), +                if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { +                    Operand::DisplacementU32(imm as u32) +                } else { +                    Operand::DisplacementU64(imm) +                } +            ]; +            Ok(()) +        } +        OperandCode::AX_Ov => { +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 4 } else { 8 }; +            // stupid RCT thing: +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 2 } else { 4 }; +            let opwidth = imm_width_from_prefixes_64(SizeCode::vqp, &instruction.prefixes); +            let imm = read_num(bytes_iter, addr_width, length); +            instruction.operands = [ +                Operand::Register(RegSpec::gp_from_parts(0, instruction.prefixes.rex().b(), opwidth, instruction.prefixes.rex().present())), +                if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { +                    Operand::DisplacementU32(imm as u32) +                } else { +                    Operand::DisplacementU64(imm) +                } +            ]; +            Ok(()) +        } +        OperandCode::Ob_AL => { +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 4 } else { 8 }; +            // stupid RCT thing: +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 2 } else { 4 }; +            let opwidth = 1; +            let imm = read_num(bytes_iter, addr_width, length); +            instruction.operands = [ +                if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { +                    Operand::DisplacementU32(imm as u32) +                } else { +                    Operand::DisplacementU64(imm) +                }, +                Operand::Register(RegSpec::gp_from_parts(0, instruction.prefixes.rex().b(), opwidth, instruction.prefixes.rex().present())) +            ]; +            Ok(()) +        } +        OperandCode::Ov_AX => { +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 4 } else { 8 }; +            // stupid RCT thing: +            let addr_width = if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { 2 } else { 4 }; +            let opwidth = imm_width_from_prefixes_64(SizeCode::vqp, &instruction.prefixes); +            let imm = read_num(bytes_iter, addr_width, length); +            instruction.operands = [ +                if instruction.prefixes.address_size() { +                    Operand::DisplacementU32(imm as u32) +                } else { +                    Operand::DisplacementU64(imm) +                }, +                Operand::Register(RegSpec::gp_from_parts(0, instruction.prefixes.rex().b(), opwidth, instruction.prefixes.rex().present())) +            ]; +            Ok(()) +        }          OperandCode::ModRM_0x80_Eb_Ib => {              let opwidth = 1;              // TODO: ... @@ -1559,6 +1700,32 @@ fn read_operands<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(                  Err(reason) => Err(reason)              }          }, +        OperandCode::ModRM_0x81_Ev_Ivs => { +            let opwidth = imm_width_from_prefixes_64(SizeCode::vqp, &instruction.prefixes); +            // TODO: ... +            let modrm = bytes_iter.next().unwrap(); +            *length += 1; +            let (mod_bits, r, m) = octets_of(modrm); + +            match read_E(bytes_iter, &instruction.prefixes, m, mod_bits, opwidth, &mut instruction.operands[0], length) { +                Ok(()) => { +                    match read_imm_signed(bytes_iter, if opwidth == 8 { 4 } else { opwidth }, opwidth, length) { +                        Ok(imm) => { +                            let opcode = BASE_OPCODE_MAP[r as usize].clone(); +                            instruction.opcode = opcode; +                            instruction.operands[1] = imm; +                            Ok(()) +                        }, +                        Err(reason) => { +                            instruction.opcode = Opcode::Invalid; +                            Err(reason) +                        } + +                    } +                }, +                Err(reason) => Err(reason) +            } +        },          OperandCode::ModRM_0xc0_Eb_Ib => {              let opwidth = 1;              // TODO: ... @@ -1606,7 +1773,8 @@ fn read_operands<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(                  Ok(()) => {                      let num = read_num(bytes_iter, 1, length) as i8;                      if r != 0 { -                        return Err("modrm invalid".to_owned()); +                        instruction.opcode = Opcode::Invalid; +                        return Err("Invalid modr/m for opcode 0xc6".to_owned());                      }                      instruction.opcode = Opcode::MOV;                      instruction.operands[1] = Operand::ImmediateI8(num); @@ -1986,6 +2154,25 @@ fn read_operands<T: Iterator<Item=u8>>(                  Err(reason) => Err(reason)              }          }, +        OperandCode::Ibs => { +            match read_imm_signed(bytes_iter, 1, 8, length) { +                Ok(imm) => { +                    instruction.operands = [imm, Operand::Nothing]; +                    Ok(()) +                }, +                Err(reason) => Err(reason) +            } +        }, +        OperandCode::Ivs => { +            let opwidth = imm_width_from_prefixes_64(SizeCode::vd, &instruction.prefixes); +            match read_imm_unsigned(bytes_iter, opwidth, length) { +                Ok(imm) => { +                    instruction.operands = [imm, Operand::Nothing]; +                    Ok(()) +                }, +                Err(reason) => Err(reason) +            } +        },          OperandCode::ModRM_0x83_Ev_Ibs => {              let modrm = bytes_iter.next().unwrap();              *length += 1; diff --git a/test/test.rs b/test/test.rs index 8a0b6cb..7f00432 100644 --- a/test/test.rs +++ b/test/test.rs @@ -1,146 +1,125 @@ +extern crate yaxpeax_arch;  extern crate yaxpeax_x86; +use std::fmt::Write; + +use yaxpeax_arch::Decodable;  use yaxpeax_x86::{Instruction, Opcode, decode_one};  fn decode(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<Instruction> {      let mut instr = Instruction::invalid(); -    match decode_one(bytes, &mut instr) { +    match decode_one(bytes.iter().map(|x| *x).take(16).collect::<Vec<u8>>(), &mut instr) {          Some(()) => Some(instr),          None => None      }  } +fn test_display(data: &[u8], expected: &'static str) { +    let mut hex = String::new(); +    for b in data { +        write!(hex, "{:02x}", b); +    } +    match Instruction::decode(data.into_iter().map(|x| *x)) { +        Some(instr) => { +            let text = format!("{}", instr); +            assert!( +                text == expected, +                "display error for {}:\n  decoded: {:?}\n displayed: {}\n expected: {}\n", +                hex, +                instr, +                text, +                expected +            ); +        }, +        None => { +            assert!(false, "decode error for {}:\n  expected: {}\n", hex, expected); +        } +    } +} + +#[test] +fn test_arithmetic() { +    test_display(&[0x81, 0xec, 0x10, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00], "sub esp, 0x310"); +} + +#[test] +fn test_E_decode() { +    test_display(&[0xff, 0x75, 0xb8], "push [rbp - 0x48]"); +    test_display(&[0xff, 0x75, 0x08], "push [rbp + 0x8]"); +} + +// SETLE, SETNG, ... +  #[test]  fn test_mov() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0xc7, 0x04, 0x24, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] -    ).unwrap()), "mov [rsp], 0x0"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x89, 0x44, 0x24, 0x08] -    ).unwrap()), "mov [rsp + 0x8], rax"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x89, 0x43, 0x18] -    ).unwrap()), "mov [rbx + 0x18], rax"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0xc7, 0x43, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] -    ).unwrap()), "mov [rbx + 0x10], 0x0"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x49, 0x89, 0x4e, 0x08] -    ).unwrap()), "mov [r14 + 0x8], rcx"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x8b, 0x32] -    ).unwrap()), "mov rsi, [rdx]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x49, 0x89, 0x46, 0x10] -    ).unwrap()), "mov [r14 + 0x10], rax"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x4d, 0x0f, 0x43, 0xec, 0x49] -    ).unwrap()), "cmovnb r13, r12"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x0f, 0xb6, 0x06] -    ).unwrap()), "movzx eax, byte [rsi]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x0f, 0xb7, 0x06] -    ).unwrap()), "movzx eax, word [rsi]"); +    // test_display(&[0xa1, 0x93, 0x62, 0xc4, 0x00, 0x12, 0x34, 0x12, 0x34], "mov eax, [0x3412341200c46293]"); +    // RCT.exe 32bit version, TODO: FIX +    test_display(&[0xa1, 0x93, 0x62, 0xc4, 0x00], "mov eax, [0xc46293]"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0xc7, 0x04, 0x24, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00], "mov [rsp], 0x0"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x89, 0x44, 0x24, 0x08], "mov [rsp + 0x8], rax"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x89, 0x43, 0x18], "mov [rbx + 0x18], rax"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0xc7, 0x43, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00], "mov [rbx + 0x10], 0x0"); +    test_display(&[0x49, 0x89, 0x4e, 0x08], "mov [r14 + 0x8], rcx"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x8b, 0x32], "mov rsi, [rdx]"); +    test_display(&[0x49, 0x89, 0x46, 0x10], "mov [r14 + 0x10], rax"); +    test_display(&[0x4d, 0x0f, 0x43, 0xec, 0x49], "cmovnb r13, r12"); +    test_display(&[0x0f, 0xb6, 0x06], "movzx eax, byte [rsi]"); +    test_display(&[0x0f, 0xb7, 0x06], "movzx eax, word [rsi]"); +    test_display(&[0x89, 0x55, 0x94], "mov [rbp - 0x6c], edx");  }  #[test]  fn test_stack() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x66, 0x41, 0x50] -    ).unwrap()), "push r8w"); +    test_display(&[0x66, 0x41, 0x50], "push r8w");  }  #[test]  fn test_prefixes() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x66, 0x41, 0x31, 0xc0] -    ).unwrap()), "xor r8w, ax"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x66, 0x41, 0x32, 0xc0] -    ).unwrap()), "xor al, r8b"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x40, 0x32, 0xc5] -    ).unwrap()), "xor al, bpl"); +    test_display(&[0x66, 0x41, 0x31, 0xc0], "xor r8w, ax"); +    test_display(&[0x66, 0x41, 0x32, 0xc0], "xor al, r8b"); +    test_display(&[0x40, 0x32, 0xc5], "xor al, bpl");  }  #[test]  fn test_control_flow() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x73, 0x31] -    ).unwrap()), "jnb 0x31"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x72, 0x5a] -    ).unwrap()), "jb 0x5a"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x0f, 0x86, 0x8b, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00] -    ).unwrap()), "jna 0x18b"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x74, 0x47] -    ).unwrap()), "jz 0x47"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0xff, 0x15, 0x7e, 0x72, 0x24, 0x00] -    ).unwrap()), "call [rip + 0x24727e]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0xc3] -    ).unwrap()), "ret"); +    test_display(&[0x73, 0x31], "jnb 0x31"); +    test_display(&[0x72, 0x5a], "jb 0x5a"); +    test_display(&[0x0f, 0x86, 0x8b, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00], "jna 0x18b"); +    test_display(&[0x74, 0x47], "jz 0x47"); +    test_display(&[0xff, 0x15, 0x7e, 0x72, 0x24, 0x00], "call [rip + 0x24727e]"); +    test_display(&[0xc3], "ret");  }  #[test]  fn test_test_cmp() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x3d, 0x01, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff] -    ).unwrap()), "cmp rax, 0xfffffffffffff001"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x3d, 0x01, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff] -    ).unwrap()), "cmp eax, 0xfffff001"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x83, 0xf8, 0xff] -    ).unwrap()), "cmp rax, 0xffffffffffffffff"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x39, 0xc6] -    ).unwrap()), "cmp rsi, rax"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x3d, 0x01, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff], "cmp rax, 0xfffffffffffff001"); +    test_display(&[0x3d, 0x01, 0xf0, 0xff, 0xff], "cmp eax, 0xfffff001"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x83, 0xf8, 0xff], "cmp rax, 0xffffffffffffffff"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x39, 0xc6], "cmp rsi, rax");  }  #[test]  #[ignore]  // VEX prefixes are not supported at the moment, in any form  fn test_avx() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0xc5, 0xf8, 0x10, 0x00] -    ).unwrap()), "vmovups xmm0, xmmword [rax]"); +    test_display(&[0xc5, 0xf8, 0x10, 0x00], "vmovups xmm0, xmmword [rax]"); +} + +#[test] +fn test_push_pop() { +    test_display(&[0x5b], "pop rbx"); +    test_display(&[0x41, 0x5e], "pop r14"); +    test_display(&[0x68, 0x7f, 0x63, 0xc4, 0x00], "push 0xc4637f");  }  #[test]  fn test_misc() { -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x8d, 0xa4, 0xc7, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x12] -    ).unwrap()), "lea rsp, [rdi + rax * 8 + 0x12000020]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x33, 0xc0] -    ).unwrap()), "xor eax, eax"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x8d, 0x53, 0x08] -    ).unwrap()), "lea rdx, [rbx + 0x8]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x31, 0xc9] -    ).unwrap()), "xor ecx, ecx"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x29, 0xc8] -    ).unwrap()), "sub rax, rcx"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x03, 0x0b] -    ).unwrap()), "add rcx, [rbx]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x5b] -    ).unwrap()), "pop rbx"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x41, 0x5e] -    ).unwrap()), "pop r14"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0x48, 0x8d, 0x0c, 0x12] -    ).unwrap()), "lea rcx, [rdx + rdx]"); -    assert_eq!(&format!("{}", decode( -        &[0xf6, 0xc2, 0x18] -    ).unwrap()), "test dl, 0x18"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x8d, 0xa4, 0xc7, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x12], "lea rsp, [rdi + rax * 8 + 0x12000020]"); +    test_display(&[0x33, 0xc0], "xor eax, eax"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x8d, 0x53, 0x08], "lea rdx, [rbx + 0x8]"); +    test_display(&[0x31, 0xc9], "xor ecx, ecx"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x29, 0xc8], "sub rax, rcx"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x03, 0x0b], "add rcx, [rbx]"); +    test_display(&[0x48, 0x8d, 0x0c, 0x12], "lea rcx, [rdx + rdx]"); +    test_display(&[0xf6, 0xc2, 0x18], "test dl, 0x18");  }  | 
